Stone Industry News
China is the world's first reserves stone, stone material consumption is in the world. A significant portion of the mining enterprise ", "China's rich stone utilizing resources, in, intemperate, destructive even devastating plunder resources, and stone as non-renewable resources by the amount of waste, resulting in some outstanding stone resources have been close to dry. Due to various reasons, mine mining, causing destruction of forest vegetation in stone, processing of dust, waste plaster), and the noise (aggravated worsening ecological environment, At the same time as does not pay attention to the safety of exploitation and mining process, has caused many accidents, can't help letting people chill.
Mining
In foreign country, in order to improve the more developed mostly yield, adopts advanced machinery, such as the TaiJieShi mining of marble, granite USES diamond wire saw by flame cutting, etc, to a certain extent in the yield on the increase, but because of its mining is expensive, in our country only a handful of several large enterprise applications, most of small and medium-sized enterprises still get promotion.
At present, the domestic stone mining mostly because of lack of funds, mining equipment, use only with serious backward family small mine mining, the main equipment manual method for crane and hoist manual (or other manual lifting equipment), traction winch, some strength and a strong with different loaders, bulldozer, air compressor (more for diesel engine power), the old truck cranes and part, and advanced, mining equipment with DE legacy. In the whole nation at present only a few mining using advanced equipment and reasonable mining process, such as shandong rongcheng of mine, use the shidao hong cutting-grinding saws, and mine exploitation and application of gunpowder flame cutting blasting hole mining method (fujian and combination of shandong most granite mining), but most still used mines, inefficient, low rate of waste materials, methods of complete mining damage and stone resources waste of resources depressing.
Generally small stone mining usually covered by artificial stripping machine or manual and surface rock, rock blasting explosive hole and selection of separation, stone material with good waste plastic waste discharge and manual where the mining methods, this kind of mining extraction for existence and cause the plank concealed crack rate, low price and low waste material is. In some way of high mountains and steep mountain area, even the cavern big blasting mining methods, such as sichuan bohing because many of the marble mine mining steep mountain roads, building thermal difficult, so much, the high cost of using cavern big blasting mining method. Often a cavern blasting is crashing half block kilometres high mountain, put the ditch is filled with many large stone (above) are great in wanfang buried in huge pile of blasting and cleaning out, then to LuanShiDui selects relatively larger block, waste material into less than 5%, and the rate of most rocks are Fried disintegrated, waste of resources extremely serious. It is, conditional developers have started to use the most advanced cavern mining method. The first stage in the red stripe of hubei certain quarry (also to use granite cavern blasting ways to mining, I once resolutely opposed. A resource situation is not yet known, to tens or hundreds of party will use for hundreds of tons of explosives, not blindly mining of waste materials, costly damage is very big, secondly cavern of highway, blasting communications facilities, mineral resources, environment and humanistic landscape water surrounding scenic spot located within) (mines "direct economic losses caused by such great destruction, it is.
Foreign experts to have visited China stone mining site evaluation of western developed countries, mining site looks like "high-rise buildings", China mining site archaeological site "similar" base. Mean, developed countries from top to bottom mining stone materials, such as by using the resources can be fully exploiting, also can produce more whole materials, China's mines are mostly just mining and close to the ground stone, or the stone material of mining on more easily, and "a gun in one place, fry in a peak", to continue to dig mines were after mining.
The government in guizhou, sichuan, yunnan, guangxi, guangdong, and some stone relatively rich resources, some local governments, in stone resources development quick hug "on the flow of water fast development and the norm, and not long, not only protect resources, and use resources, cheap chips to attract investment within the jurisdiction area, to the resource advantage into economic advantage, and some even violate national laws and regulations, government management development mines, regional industry.
Such as the early 1990s CenXi city stone industry, government had arisen, "whatever we welcome development stone mining" slogan, unstinting issue mining licenses. Collect taxes and government; to the reasonable development of the problem, but shoplifting-spare. This situation in the mining once mining enterprise malignant competition, black evil transversely.
Mining safety problems
In the course of exploitation, optional emissions and stripping of mining waste in mines, coal waste around and caused a lot of waste residues cannot continue to press ore mining phenomenon, shorten service life of mine and also serious waste of mineral resources. This phenomenon exists in many stone mining, especially in the family, JiTiShi small-scale mines exploitation in more serious.
At the same time, the waste residue discharged at the surrounding area and make major changes, such as water quality deterioration caused damage to all kinds of local residents, water difficult, Soil erosion caused mudslides in farmland, the farmhouse is damaged, planting crops down, Mud and sand to the accumulation of downstream and direct economic losses caused great danger BaiLin fuding city, fujian FuDing "black" mining town, because a mine mining, no more waste residue, stacking area of pile in 1998, and there was a serious landslide events, millions of cubic meters of waste and gravel moments will be a napkin, urban death toll to 18 people. Such events in shandong, hebei province, fujian province, sichuan, almost every stone provinces nationwide, due to the change of environment, the local people brought severe geological disaster, the enterprise should also pay a terrible price.
In recent years, the safe production in mines have not caused by coal mines are often occurs. In 2004, sichuan "white" a mine bohing landslides occurred in December, who were buried, seven people have died and five people missing. After two or three years, the "green" yanshan mountain mines happen explosive, more than hoisting equipment, transportation equipment, landslide control events, casualties, property damage. Shandong laizhou, fujian jinjiang also changed the malignant accident casualties. The accident happened in a variety of reasons, ultimately are safety consciousness, daily for mine stope and blasting materials, mining equipment and inspection, maintenance, security hidden danger not promptly eliminate, also have a plenty of adjacent area because the distance is too close, mutual influence. "Non-coal mine" safe production permit system, safety consciousness of history, but the irrational distribution of stone mining and mineral, ore mutual interference, mutual influence, the situation has not changed in safety in mines buried without radical, hidden safety production has been mining enterprises face big problems.
License application
Our most small mining enterprises to get the validity of the mining license only 3 to 5 years, the average mine development, enterprise contract short too early to do not wish, but sex desperately predatory development.
A stone mining industry home about a tough for stone mining license. Two years ago, he prepared with several authors in their hometown for stone mining, but to the relevant departments to deal with formalities before, a mining license for examination and approval procedures, need to pass the entitlement-exploding geological prospecting, bidding, evaluation, design, environmental assessment exploitation, geological hazard, safety evaluation, procedure, the forestry department around logging evaluation and assessment of soil and water conservation as 10 greatly small evaluation work, at least 1 ~ 3 years time. And no, only the robbers evaluation he spent nearly cost RMB.
"We also know these non-renewable resources exploitation, the government departments in charge of children should be carefully, but the attitude of red tape to the enterprise really some unbearable. We hope that through legal channels to obtain a formal mining license how so difficult? Now some unlicensed mining enterprise have many; we don't want to do that, we hope that through lawful channels, lawful business interests of deserved. Why can't we related department to drive door?" The enterprise's within 2 years tells the card is very experienced.
Choose granite tombstone material problems should be paid attention to
Granite tombstones should consider stone material choice of color, variety, crystal grain, crack defects, and its physical and chemical properties, etc.
Tombstone material used in granite, different countries, different regions of the country or even to tombstone stone varieties, the be fond of of color is endless also and same, such as Japan's area in the tombstone, green to black granite mainly, the kansai region is fond of light color slants grey granite. The YangShi tombstone material more abundant than Japanese tombstone, except gray, black granite, India is red, super red red series, yellow, green, blue, gray and series of granite can serve as YangShi tombstone material, some of YangShi tombstone still use red and white marble.
As a tombstone material gray series granite is the main material, the Japanese tombstone so-called gray is characterized with grey color, including workpieces, shallow ash and silver, blue gray series tonal. The stone MoGuangMian nearly as black and white, fine flower, far see color for gray (.). In all gray stone, especially in MoGuangMian is silver, blue ash tonal for the best. Tombstone stone tonal is very important, usually tombstone is complete sales, therefore, request as the tombstone for tonal uniform, crystal size should be consistent, best can waste materials in the same block with the same set of cut stone of the tombstone of complete blank. If you cannot have the same block in the selection, also should choose as far as possible to use the same mines with the same color pithead for processing.
Have the quality of a material of itself, choose the effect of the tombstone for use should be no crack, scar, colorless line, bibulous rate is low, physical and chemical stability, crystallization.
The waste materials for machining of tombstone as board processing effects so outstanding, but from the same set of tombstone colour and lustre, particle size uniform, also should choose the drought has certain block, a tombstone material.